What are Exosomes
Exosomes are small structures secreted by most cell types in our bodies that facilitate important functions. Exosomes have the ability to travel between cells and deliver their healing properties, which include lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
What Do Exosomes Treat?
Because Exosomes are a cell-free therapy option, they can be used to treat multiple diseases and injuries. Exosomes play an important role in cell-to-cell communication, exerts positive effects on regeneration in many tissues.
How Do Exosomes Work:
They have the ability to send DNA, RNA, and proteins to other cells. In fact, Exosomes activate a bi-phasic response. This is an immediate reaction and lasts about 24 hours until the initial proteins have been assimilated. After that, the messenger RNA has been inserted into the targeted cells and the process becomes live which helps ‘reprogram’ the cell for repair.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles ranging between 30-150 nm that are produced by virtually every cell type as a means of intercellular communication They contain proteins (growth factors), mRNA (blueprint for protein production) and micro RNA (on a switch for specific 
protein production), all contained within a membrane similar to their parent cells that protects exosomal proteins and RNA from degradation until they are delivered to the target cell.
MSC exosomes are very different than exosomes found in adult bone marrow, which has a preponderance of hematopoietic stem cell exosomes, or amniotic fluid, which has primarily maternal epithelial cell exosomes. The distinct ability of MSC exosomes to induce connective tissue synthesis may be the basis of many of the remarkable clinical benefits that have been observed with stem cell therapy.
As we age, the number and function of the MSCs in our tissues declines sharply. Aged autologous progenitor cells produce about 30% of the cytokines and significantly different miRNAs compared with perinatal MSCs. This substantial difference in secretome confers a significant advantage of perinatal MSC exosomes over exosomes from aged autologous or allogeneic progenitor cells.
How Do I Learn More:
Complete our patient inquiry form to activate an appointment with one of our Patient Advisors at Dallas Regenerative Center or call 833.746.7848
